The Senate has approved a bill concerning artificial intelligence (AI) with a vote of 85 in favor and 42 against, following its initial endorsement by the government on April 23. This legislation, now moving to the Chamber of Deputies, emphasizes a national strategy, the establishment of regulatory authorities, promotional actions, copyright protection, and criminal penalties. Significantly, the bill introduces restrictions on AI usage for intellectual professions and judges in legal proceedings, alongside amendments to civil procedure codes that remove the jurisdiction of peace judges over AI-related cases. Additionally, it proposes changes to the penal code, including the introduction of an aggravating circumstance for crimes committed using AI and a new offense concerning the unlawful dissemination of AI-generated or manipulated content. New copyright regulations will also extend protections to AI-generated works, provided they involve a degree of human intellectual contribution. A key provision grants the government the authority to align Italian law with EU regulations, focusing on citizen literacy in AI and professional training, with the potential for fair compensation based on the responsibilities and risks associated with AI systems. Article 12 permits AI systems to be used solely as tools to support professional activities, ensuring that clients are informed about the AI systems employed in clear and comprehensive language. Article 14 delineates the scope of AI application within the justice sector, restricting its use to judicial organization and legal research. The bill also specifies that judges retain exclusive rights to interpret laws and assess evidence. Furthermore, the legislation comprises 26 articles addressing various sectors, including healthcare, scientific research, and data privacy, while allocating a budget of one billion euros for investments in AI. The Council of Ministers is tasked with leading the national AI strategy, with the Digital Agency and the National Cybersecurity Agency designated as the primary regulatory bodies.
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